Basic Report

The purpose of this study is to develop a response strategy to prevent local annihilation that is causing a national crisis.
   In Chapter 2 of this study, theoretical discussions on fat loss and previous studies were reviewed. Through the theoretical discussion of local extinction, first of all, the concept of local extinction was defined as a decrease in the population of a specific area and a state in which it becomes a significant obstacle to the functioning of the local community. And after examining the various factors that cause local extinction, it is understood that the social movement of the population is important here, and what causes this is the attractive factor of the region that attracts or leaves the population, that is, jobs and education. did. Prescription to prevent population extinction can be approached from various perspectives, but existing studies and discussions can confirm that employment, jobs, and quality living conditions are the forces that can attract or maintain the current population to a specific area. there was. However, the limitations of existing studies are that many studies have suggested that the fertility rate should be improved to prevent the disappearance of the provinces, and in the selection of the regions where the provinces are annihilated, the social movement of the population, which is the inflow and outflow of the population, is not considered, and the fertility of the region is affected. There was a limit in selecting the indicators that depended on it.
   Chapter 3 consists of two main parts. First, in order to select an area at risk of local extinction in Korea, indices that can measure local extinction were constructed, and the weights of these indicators were calculated. Finally, after standardizing the indicators with eight indicators, their composite indices were calculated. In addition, the areas at risk of local extinction were selected and presented by the comprehensive index calculated for 229 cities, towns and districts.
   Next, the characteristics of the selected areas at risk of local extinction were analyzed. In addition to the demographic change rate, fertility rate, and youth population characteristics of regions at risk of extinction, regions that can function as a 'population dam' of Gangwon-do were selected for the Gangwon-do region, and the social movement of the population centered in these regions was analyzed. The analysis in Chapter 2 shows that the social movement of the population is very important in selecting an area with local extinction, and it is important to develop a base city that can function as a local population dam, and develop specialized policies suitable for areas at risk of local extinction. , suggesting that it is important to promote
   Chapter 4 analyzes the case of local governments in response to local extinction. The local governments chose Hamyang, Gyeongnam and Gokseong, Jeollanam-do, which are promoting measures to respond to local annihilation relatively well compared to other local governments. In the case of Hamyang, Gyeongsangnam-do, the package strategy of attracting elementary school students and their parents, centered on Seoha Elementary School, and providing them with education, jobs, housing, and community, etc. was being pursued, creating results. It is the so-called ‘player model’ in response to fat loss. In Gokseong, Jeollanam-do, the drone industry was selected as a specialized industry to improve the attractiveness of the region, and various related policies were being pursued. In addition, it was creating results by promoting policies that provided various incentives to returning farmers. In both cases, it was possible to draw policy implications for developing and promoting policies suitable for regional characteristics.
   Chapter 5 analyzes the policies related to local annihilation at home and abroad. In Korea, policies to counter the low birth rate and aging population still form the mainstream, showing limitations in promoting policies that are far from local extinction, where the social movement of the population is the key.
   In the case of foreign countries, measures in Europe such as Japan and Germany were analyzed. In the case of Japan, the first and second phases of regional revitalization policies were being pursued with the goal of eliminating localities and maintaining the Japanese population of 100 million. The policies were being promoted by local governments, and the local governments were promoting policies by selecting the policy menus presented by the central government as a package suitable for local conditions. In addition, the depopulated area policy over the past 60 years had the characteristic of selecting underdeveloped areas in consideration of the local population and financial conditions, and the central government supporting the policy cooperatively for these areas.
   Lastly, in Chapter 6, under the policy transition from the socio-demographic approach centered on the low fertility and aging policy, to a regional development approach of maintaining local population and creating attractiveness for population creation, under the policy transition or integration, it is promoted. measures are proposed to do so.
   The policy to prevent local annihilation develops and presents major policies that can be selected and promoted by areas with local extinction in five areas: population, economy, space, convergence, and institutional innovation. The purpose of this is to strengthen the autonomy of the region based on the characteristics of the region that has disappeared.
   In order to create the effect of a policy, the central government or local governments alone cannot afford it. And even in the case of the central government, the effects of policies cannot be achieved as a single department in either party. This is because the causes of fat loss are multifaceted. Therefore, an integrated promotion system in which not only the central and local governments but also the private sector and various ministries cooperate is newly established and presented.
   In addition, in consideration of the national importance of the local extinction crisis, it is proposed to install and operate a more stable and increased special financial resource for local extinction. To amend, the enactment of the 'Special Act on Response to Local Extinction' is proposed.